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What Is a HELOC?

A plain-language explanation of a home equity line of credit and how it works.

A HELOC, or home equity line of credit, lets eligible homeowners access a revolving line of credit secured by the available equity in their home.

How it works

Rather than a single lump sum, a HELOC gives you a credit limit you can draw from, repay, and reuse, similar to a line of credit but secured by residential equity.

Why business owners consider it

For eligible homeowners, a HELOC can be one way to access capital for the business. Because it is secured by your home, it carries different considerations than unsecured business financing.

Important considerations

A HELOC is secured by your residence, so it should be approached carefully. Eligibility, available equity, and terms all depend on your specific situation and are subject to underwriting.

How the structure works

Gross equityProperty value − First mortgage − Other liens

Gross equity vs available credit

MeasureHow it is calculated
Gross equityProperty value minus all existing property debt
Combined loan ceilingProperty value multiplied by the program’s maximum CLTV
Potential new creditCombined loan ceiling minus existing liens, subject to approval

Gross equity is the larger, simpler number. Availability is constrained by the program ceiling, which is why the two rarely match.

Draw, repay, reuse

Mechanics to understand
  • Availability is restored as the drawn balance is repaid
  • Interest generally accrues on what is drawn, not the full line
  • The property secures the line, and lien position matters
  • Draw periods and repayment periods can differ

Related financing

Business HELOCHow HELOC Works
Educational content. This guide is general information, not financing, legal, tax, or accounting advice, and is not an offer or a commitment to provide financing. Availability, amounts, terms, and structures vary by applicant and program and are subject to underwriting and approval.

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